1. Classes & objects

2. Attributes & methods

3. Constructors (__init__)

4. Inheritance

5. Polymorphism

6. Encapsulation

7. Magic/dunder methods

8. Decorators

9. Context managers

10. Regular expressions (re module)

11. Functional programming concepts

12. Comprehensions (dict, set)

13. Type hints

14. Virtual environments (venv, conda)

15. Package management (pip)