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Home
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Computational Linguistics
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Computing Fundamentals
What Is a Computer?
✓
(4)
Data vs Information vs Knowledge
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Analog vs Digital
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Hardware vs Software
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Input/Process/Output/Storage Model
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Number Systems & Data Representation
(11)
Decimal System
✓
Binary System
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Octal System
Hexadecimal System
Conversions Between Systems
Binary Arithmetic
Two's Complement
Floating Point Representation (IEEE 754)
ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Unicode (UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32)
Encoding vs Decoding
Hardware Components
(9)
CPU (cores, clock speed, cache, ALU, CU)
RAM (volatile memory, addressing)
ROM
Storage (HDD, SSD, NVMe)
Motherboard & Bus Systems
GPU (why it matters for NLP/AI)
TPU (Tensor Processing Units)
Input/Output devices
Network Interface Card
Operating Systems
(10)
What an OS does
Kernel
Processes & Threads
Memory management
File systems (FAT32, NTFS, ext4)
Directories & Paths (absolute vs. relative)
Permissions & Users
System calls
Linux vs. Windows vs. macOS
Shell / Terminal concept
The Linux Command Line (CLI)
(11)
Terminal basics
Navigation (cd, ls, pwd)
File operations (cp, mv, rm, mkdir, touch)
Viewing files (cat, less, head, tail)
Searching (grep, find)
Piping & Redirection (|, >, >>)
Permissions (chmod, chown)
Process management (ps, kill, top)
Package managers (apt, brew)
Environment variables & PATH
Shell scripting basics (bash)
Networks & the Internet
(9)
IP addresses (IPv4, IPv6)
DNS
HTTP / HTTPS
TCP/IP model
Client-Server model
APIs & REST
JSON & XML formats
How browsers work
Localhost & Ports
File Formats Relevant to NLP
(7)
Plain text (.txt)
CSV & TSV
JSON
XML / HTML
PDF (and its complexity)
CONLL format
Annotation formats (BIO, IOB2)